What size AC for Providence, RI? 2.5 tons for 2,000 sq ft

What size AC a 2,000 sq ft house in Providence needs

2.5 tons central AC or heat pump, about 28,200 BTU/hr of load

The 20 BTU per square foot chart would put in 3.5 tons, about 49% more than this climate needs. An oversized unit cools the air fast, shuts off before it pulls moisture out, and leaves the house cold and clammy.

If a contractor quotes you more than 2.5 tons for an average 2,000 sq ft house here, ask to see the Manual J load calculation behind it before you sign. That works out to one ton per 853 square feet in this climate. For a single room, size by the room: 14.1 BTU/hr per square foot.

The climate it is sized for

Climate from NOAA's 1991 to 2020 normals at Providence (7 mi away). Jul is the hottest month, averaging a high of 83.6°F and a low of 65.2°F, with about 12 days a year at 90°F or more. That gives a design temperature of 88°F against 75°F inside.

What it costs to run

About 1,129 kWh a year at SEER2 14.3, or roughly $328 at Rhode Island's average residential rate of 29.05¢ per kWh. Cooling runs 4 months of the year here.

What drives the load in Providence

Of the 28,200 BTU/hr, 9,360 comes through walls, roof and windows on a 88°F afternoon (33%), 13,000 is sun on the house (46%), 2,120 is four people and their appliances, and 3,700 is moisture the coil has to wring out of Providence's summer air (13%).

Sun is the biggest share here, more than heat through the walls, so shading west windows and a light roof cut the size you need more than extra insulation would. Sensible heat totals 24,480 BTU/hr before the moisture allowance.

Other house sizes in Providence

Single rooms with a window or mini-split unit: a 150 sq ft bedroom needs about 2,100 BTU/hr; a 350 sq ft living room needs about 4,900 BTU/hr; a 600 sq ft open plan kitchen and family room needs about 8,500 BTU/hr.

Month by month in Providence

Jul alone uses 36% of the year's cooling energy. The unit runs the equivalent of 573 hours a year at full output.

Providence against nearby cities

Of 8 Rhode Island cities here, Providence has the highest cooling load. The range runs from Newport at 24,800 BTU/hr to Providence at 28,200.

Where Providence's weather numbers come from

The nearest NOAA station with full 1991 to 2020 normals is Providence, 7 miles from the center of Providence at 51 ft above sea level. That is close enough that the station's summers are Providence's summers.

5 other cities use the same station and get the same climate inputs. The closest to Providence: East Providence (3 mi away, 6.6 mi from the station), Pawtucket (4 mi away, 11 mi from the station), Central Falls (5 mi away, 11.8 mi from the station), Cranston (5 mi away, 4.2 mi from the station), Warwick (8 mi away, 1.5 mi from the station). Providence is farther from the station than 3 of them.

The sun over Providence in late July

At 41.82°N, the noon sun on 21 July stands 68.6° above the horizon over Providence and the day runs 14 h 36 min from sunrise to sunset. A lower noon sun puts more of the day's heat on east and west walls than on the roof, which is why shading west glass pays off here. Long days mean the house keeps gaining heat into the evening, well after the outdoor peak.

194,706 people live in Providence, the largest of the 8 Rhode Island cities sized on this site. Coordinates used: 41.8231, -71.4188.

Providence AC sizing questions